SOCIAL STUDIES

Primary Sources in History


This is a work in progress. Please contribute your ideas for this page.



What is a Primary Source?

Primary or secondary source? A simple explanation. A historian's definition.


The Library of Congress

The Library of Congress's Framework for Using Primary Sources with Students is excellent. The Library's "Student Lesson: Primary Sources" explains primary and second sources, takes students through a step-by-step analysis of a primary source document to determine bias and reliability, explores the types of primary sources, and provides a set of primary sources about slavery for students to analyze, using what they've learned. A "mindwalk activity" helps students understand primary sources by asking them to examine the historical evidence of a day in their own lives.


Using Primary Source Documents in the Classroom

Ohio History Association's Primary Sources for Teachers (with sample lesson plan to introduce the idea ofprimary sources to students).


The Primary Source Network

One of the ways to make learning real and engaging to students is to immerse them in learning that is real, says Art Wolinksy, technology director of the Online Internet Institute. He recommends this site for teachers who "want to develop activities that engage students by giving them real information the sift through, analyze, manipulate and use to construct new knowledge."


An Introduction to Using Primary Source Artifacts

This area in the Primary Sources Network contains a combination of interactive modules and articles designed to help you build the skills necessary to use primary sources effectively in education. According to the site developers, the three "Using Primary Sources" units are the start of a continuing series which will focus on developing the skills necessary to teach with various types of primary sources. New units will be added.


Primary Sources for Social Studies

A college senior's page about primary sources includes a definition and some good links.


Primary Source

Primary Source "is a resource center and network for K-12 teachers who want to teach a more inclusive social studies." Their mission is "to promote social studies education that is historically
accurate, culturally inclusive and explicitly concerned with racism and other forms of discrimination." See for example the African American and Mayan projects.


Facing History and Ourselves: Examining History and Human Behavior

Facing History and Ourselves is a national educational and professional development organization whose mission is to engage students of diverse backgrounds "in an examination of racism, prejudice, and antisemitism in order to promote the development of a more humane and informed citizenry." Facing History provides teachers with staff development in the form of workshops, institutes and seminars. It also offers participating teachers access to an assortment of books, periodicals, speakers and videotapes for classroom use.


The Primary Sources Network

The Primary Sources Network "seeks to transform teaching and learning by utilizing primary source materials." The network is a partnership between Michigan State University, several public school systems, the Henry Ford Museum and others. Includes sample lessons and a collection of on-line artifacts from early 20th Century American business and industry. Example: pages from Sears Roebuck catalogs, circa 1915 (don't miss the misses' and children's shoes!). Analysis of automobile ads, how they changed over the century, and "what they actually tell us about us." JPEG files load slowly but have lots of information.


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